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It uses a computer linked to a series of sensors-detecting wheel speed, steering angle, sideways motion, and yaw (rotation). This system helps keep the vehicle on its intended path during a turn, to avoid sliding or skidding. (For more information on crash testing and Ratings, see our Crash test 101 report)Įlectronic stability control (ESC) takes traction control a step further. The better head-protection systems deploy the side-curtain bags if the system detects that the vehicle is beginning to roll over.

A curtain bag often also stays ‘inflated' longer in most cases to also keep people from being ejected during a rollover or a high-speed side crash. Nearly all new models today also include additional "side curtain" bags that deploy from above the windows and cover both front and rear side windows to prevent occupants from hitting their heads and to shield them from flying debris. They help protect the torso, but most aren't effective in protecting the head.

Side airbags are fairly small cushions that pop out of the door trim or the side of the seatback. Torso protecting side-impact airbags for front-seat passengers are also nearly universal, and some automakers offer side airbags for rear-seat passengers, as well. Most airbag systems now detect the presence, weight, and seat position for the driver and front passenger, and deactivate or de-power front airbags as appropriate to minimize the chance of injury to drivers positioned close to the wheel, out-of-position occupants or children. Children under 12 should be seated in the rear in an appropriate restraint system and rear-facing child seats should never be installed in front seats equipped with airbags.Īdaptive, or dual-stage front airbags, introduced in 2003, became standard across the board by the 2007 model year. While airbags have saved thousands of lives, they also have the potential to cause injury or even death to children or to occupants who aren't using a seatbelt. The bags inflate in a few milliseconds-the blink of an eye-then immediately start deflating. Crash sensors connected to an onboard computer detect a frontal collision and trigger the bags.

Front airbags have been standard on all new cars since 1998 and light trucks since 1999.